Searching with an entire question or sentence like Google doesn’t work with a database. You will need to break up your search into main concepts, called keywords.
Spelling errors or typos will yield no results.
The databases look for the specific words you put into the search box and don’t have the same fancy algorithm as Google, so you may need to try multiple keywords and combinations before you find what you’re looking for.
The results at the top of the list aren’t necessarily the best. Scroll down and use the titles and abstracts to find the most relevant.
Databases label source types differently from one another and from the definitions in this module. Use your evaluative judgment on which type a source is rather than relying only on how the database categorizes it.
Databases have various interfaces and best ways to navigate them, which can be confusing. The instructions below outline some of those database specific quirks for each source type to make it easier.
View a video tutorial or a printable handout on this database.
View a video tutorial or a printable handout on this database.
View a video tutorial or a printable handout on this database.
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The library catalog and databases seek to solve the same issue of overwhelming amounts of information as Google only in a way that is more conducive to research. Unlike Google, the library resources do not search the open web. A library database is an indexed, searchable collection of more formally published and curated sources including journals, magazines, trade journals, ebooks, ebook chapters, reports, and newspapers. Published materials have gone through some level of editing process before publication, peer-reviewed journals being the most rigorous, and they have a vested interest in the quality and accuracy of the materials they publish. With a library database, the publisher carefully selects a collection of resources suited to academic research and, therefore, a good portion of the sorting and evaluation is already done for you. Take a look at the difference between the number of results.
Google Results:
Library Database Results:
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Subject databases sort out the plethora of information even further. Subject databases are an indexed collection of published sources chosen specifically to meet the needs of a discipline area or subject of study. For example, the library has multiple databases dedicated to researching literature. These literary databases have carefully curated collections of the literary sources discussed earlier in this module. So, if you search for the terms “Yellow Wallpaper” in a literary database, you won’t get wallpaper sales sites, advertisements, or design blogs; you’ll get biographies, overviews, and literary criticism. So, if your instructor requires you to use the library databases, keep in mind they are trying to save you time, money, and mental energy.
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What exactly are internet sources or websites? When referring to internet sources, most instructors either mean sources found through a search engine, such as Google, or content found only on a website rather than in a more formal publication, such as a book, journal, or magazine. What most instructors are getting at is that they want you to use sources appropriate to your assignment. While it is possible to find credible sources using Google (some sources in this Research Guide were found using Google. Shhh… don’t tell anyone), it’s much harder to evaluate information from Google due to the massive number of results, the difficulty of determining the type of source you’re looking at, and the challenge of determining where the information is coming from.
According to Google, “With the amount of information available on the web, finding what you need would be nearly impossible without some help sorting through it.” Even Google acknowledges that people need help sifting through the mass of information available, which is why part of their service is to choose what comes up in your search results for you. Google and other search engines use a proprietary algorithm to search for and rank your results in their index. The keywords you choose and their synonyms (and common spelling errors) are part of that algorithm, but it’s also made up of a combination of assumptions based on your demographic information, search history, and location. These assumptions are hugely convenient when you’re searching for your favorite local pizza place or the most recent city news, but it’s not as helpful in a research context when you’re looking for published academic information.
Despite the common perception that all information is now freely available, many formal publications charge for access because the editorial process, information quality, and graphical layout have value. Though you can find some of the same sources using Google if you know how to look, you will often be required to pay to view them. Part of the library’s mission and budget is to provide access to these academic materials, so you can read them for free.
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While Google searches the open web, Google Scholar searches "articles, theses, books, abstracts and court opinions, from academic publishers, professional societies, online repositories, universities and other web sites" (Google). In simple terms, Google Scholar is the Google of academic information. But before you're completely sold, there are some inconvenient caveats. Google Scholar is not as easy to search as Google, and it's difficult to search by topic or subject. Google Scholar only provides access to open resources and many sources run you into a paywall. Some subject areas tend to have more open access information, such as medical research, but there the areas that don't will be difficult to find using Google Scholar. Google Scholar makes a great Hail Mary when you can't find sources either because a work of literature is too new or specialized or because the library doesn't have access to a specific article you need.